消费者偏好背景下的买方抗衡势力形成与影响

与以往研究关注产业链内部因素不同,对于厂商利用消费者偏好因素的买方抗衡势力形成机理和影响的研究考虑了市场环境因素作用的买方抗衡势力理论研究新视角。将消费者偏好的市场差异建模为同一产品在不同市场中消费者效用差异,基于外部选择博弈和Hotelling博弈的基本原理,构建综合反映上、下游厂商纵向关系和市场内厂商间横向关系的博弈模型。对下游厂商跨市场并购前后均衡结果的变化进行考察,得到下游厂商利用消费者偏好特征形成自身买方抗衡势力的机理以及该行为对厂商本身和竞争对手谈判势力、收益水平和规模带来的影响。研究结果表明,存在消费者偏好差异的市场间厂商并购行为不仅可以提升合并厂商自身买方抗衡势力和收益,也不会对竞争对手造成负面影响,甚至可以提高部分竞争对手的买方抗衡势力、收益和规模,产生与水岸效应相反的结果。同时,对均衡结果进行福利分析,表明下游厂商的并购行为将提高总产业利润,但会降低消费者剩余和社会福利。     

中国管理实践研究的路径

研究中国管理实践具有重大的理论意义和实践意义,重点关注中国管理实践研究的路径:首先,在探讨中国管理实践研究路径时必须遵循2个原则:借鉴国际规范的研究方法和结合中国特殊的情境变量。在此基础上,对中国管理实践研究的路径进行了界定:从企业面临的实际问题出发提出研究问题;通过文献梳理的方式提出理论视角,并结合特殊的中国情境变量进行研究;采用案例研究的方法。最后,提出中国管理实践研究的3个阶段:零星研究阶段、系统研究阶段以及整合研究阶段。     

汽车产业链演化机理及影响因素研究

汽车产业链是汽车产业重要组织模式,其演化与整合升级对汽车产业发展具有重要意义。本文从汽车产业链演化动因出发,重点分析汽车产业链演化过程,分析归纳影响汽车产业链演化影响因素。在此基础上,以东北地区汽车产业为例,运用主成分回归分析方法对汽车产业链演化影响因素进行实证检验,结果表明各影响因素与东北地区汽车产业链演化发展水平存在不同方向和程度的相关关系。     

A lower bound for the adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem

Adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (A2E-CVRP) proposed in this paper is a variant of the classical 2E-CVRP. Comparing to 2E-CVRP, A2E-CVRP has multiple depots and allows the vehicles to serve customers directly from the depots. Hence, it has more efficient solution and adapt to real-world environment. This paper gives a mathematical formulation for A2E-CVRP and derives a lower bound for it. The lower bound is used for deriving an upper bound subsequently, which is also an approximate solution of A2E-CVRP. Computational results on benchmark instances show that the A2E-CVRP outperforms the classical 2E-CVRP in the costs of routes.     

Risks Perception of Electromagnetic Fields in Taiwan: The Influence of Psychopathology and the Degree of Sensitivity to Electromagnetic Fields

Little is known about the perceived health risks of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and factors associated with risk perception in non‐Western countries. Psychological conditions and risk perception have been postulated as factors that facilitate the attribution of health complaints to environmental factors. This study investigated people's perceived risks of EMFs and other environmental sources, as well as the relationships between risk perception, psychopathology, and the degree of self‐reported sensitivity to EMFs. A total of 1,251 adults selected from a nationwide telephone interviewing system database responded to a telephone survey about the relationships between environmental sources and human health. The interview included questions assessing participants’ psychiatric conditions and the presence and degree of sensitivity to EMFs. One hundred and seventy participants were self‐identified as having sensitivity to EMFs, and 141 met the criteria for psychiatric conditions without EMF sensitivity. More than half of the survey respondents considered power lines and mobile phone base stations to affect people's health to a big extent. Higher sensitivity to EMFs, psychopathology, being female, being married, more years of education, and having a catastrophic illness had positive associations with perceived risks of EMF‐related environmental sources as well as for all environmental sources combined. We observed no moderating effect of psychopathology on the association between degree of sensitivity to EMF and risk perception. Thus, psychopathology had influence on general people's risk perception without having influence on the relationship between people's degree of sensitivity to EMF and risk perception. The plausible explanations are discussed in the text.     

高职英语分级教学实践与研究

本文分析了高职英语教学存在的问题,探讨进行高职英语教学改革的有效途径.通过对所在高职学院的英语教学现状进行分析,以学院两次问卷调查的数据为基础,对英语教学改革中遇到的问题进行分析讨论和对策研究,肯定了英语分级教学在提高英语教学质量方面的积极作用,分析了制约高职英语教学质量的主要因素,提出了解决问题的思路.     

基于企业产权关系的权变公司治理模式研究

随着社会经济的发展,公司制企业在国民经济中的地位不断提升,公司治理也越来越引起人们的注意.但是,对于转轨时期的中国国有企业和民营企业而言.由于不同企业的条件状况不一样,其公司治理不能采取完全相同的模式,而应当实行权变的公司治理策略.对公司治理模式影响最大的莫过于企业的产权关系,因为公司治理在很大程度上是对企业产权关系的反映和保障.企业的产权关系不同,公司治理也有相应的不同类型.正是基于这一考虑,本文立足于对不同类型的企业产权关系分析.探讨公司治理的不同类型以及影响企业对其选择的主要因素,最终形成权变公司治理模式,并采用问卷调查的方法进行了实证检验,力图为现实的企业实践和相关的理论研究提供参考.     

COMPETING MATCHMAKING

We study how matchmakers use prices to sort heterogeneous participants into competing matching markets and how equilibrium outcomes compare with monopoly in terms of prices, matching market structure, and sorting efficiency under the assumption of complementarity in the match value function. The role of prices to facilitate sorting is compromised by the need to survive price competition. We show that price competition leads to a high‐quality market that is insufficiently exclusive. As a result, the duopolistic outcome can be less efficient in sorting than the monopoly outcome in terms of total match value in spite of servicing more participants. (JEL: C7, D4)     

竞争环境下基于顾客策略行为的易逝品动态定价研究

在两个提供相同易逝品的零售商折线竞争下,从顾客策略行为出发,研究竞争环境下两零售商的动态定价策略。首先建立供大于求的情况下两零售商动态定价模型,给出了均衡价格满足的条件,并探讨了在一些特殊情况下均衡价格的特性。然后将这一模型扩展到供小于求的情形,探讨模型的求解方法。算例分析了在折线竞争模式下零售商在面对顾客策略行为时,如何动态的决定价格。同时发现,在供大于求的情况下,顾客策略行为导致零售商的收益降低;在供小于求的情况下,一定程度的顾客策略行为可以使零售商获得更高的期望收益。     

风险相关性下的信用风险、市场风险和操作风险集成度量

商业银行各种风险之间相关性的存在,对其整体风险的度量产生重要影响。本文针对商业银行的信用风险、市场风险和操作风险这三类主要风险,在考虑相关性基础上给出了风险集成过程,通过copula函数和蒙特卡洛模拟方法计算了商业银行的整体风险,同时研究了风险分散化效应和在不同copula函数下整体风险的变化情况。最后以主流文献中的数据做了实证分析,结果显示本文提出方法能够很好的描述风险损失之间的相关性,同时在能够抵御相同风险的情况下考虑相关性下的在险值与简单相加得到的在险值相比要小,这能为银行业提高资金利用率提供了一定的理论和方法依据。